星期二, 3月 02, 2010

2010/03/01


 I have a mild inflammation in my liver.
The news was very shock to me.
That's might because of age and my live habits.

It's time to keep my body healthy.



星期三, 10月 28, 2009

測量與選線

郊區公路之測量與選線
  1. 踏勘(Reconnaissance):踏勘係依所擬定之公路路線起迄點、容量、等級、服務水準等,就路線可能經過之範圍,作概略之勘查。
  2. 初測(Preliminary Survey):初測係根據踏勘階段所選定的一條或數條替選路線,在施以較精細的測量,以選定最適宜的路線。
  3. 定測(Final Location Survey):定測目的有二,一為確定公路中心線之位置,一為測量有關公路各類設施之建造資料。 

    星期五, 10月 23, 2009

    機動性與可及性



    機動性
    是指旅行到很多不同的目的地的能力。
    機動性提供人們較廣泛的路徑選擇以滿足特殊的需求


    可及性
    是指能夠到達一個特定地點或區域的能力。
    可及性顯示土地價值的一個主要因素,若土地的可及性高,則愈會被開發,也愈有價值。

    機動性與可及性也可以表示一般旅次的兩個不同的部份,機動性強調旅次通暢無阻的部份,因此深受起點、迄點之間直通設施的影響;可及性講求由一個運輸系統轉換另一個能進行特定活動地域的能力,因此它深切仰賴轉運設施,包括停車場、大眾運輸站位、裝載區等。

    交通工程與運輸工程定義

    運輸工程:
    對任何一種運輸工具,未使其能提供安全、快速、舒適、方便、經濟、環境容許的旅客與貨物運輸,而將技術與科學原理應用於規劃、功能設計、運行操作與設施管理的一種學門。

    交通工程:
    為運輸工程的一個項目,主要在探討道路、路網、場站、鄰近土地的規劃、幾何設計、交通運行以及與其他運具間的關係的一項工程科學。

    星期三, 10月 07, 2009

    碼頭 ( Wharf )

    碼頭係供船舶停靠繫留,以裝卸貨物及上下乘客之構造物。碼頭之建造

    交通衝擊分析


    土地使用一旦改變,如新設施之建造或舊設施之擴建,則將誘發新的旅運需求,進而降低地區道路系統之服務水準。土地使用改變(或稱基地開發)對交通需求與道路系統之短、中期影響,應在事先進行分析,此一工作稱為交通衝擊分析(Traffic Impact Analysis)或基地可及研究(Site Accedd Study),美國的聯邦公路總局則稱作基地交通衝擊評估。

    為明確了解基地開發對交通之衝擊,其分析應以量化為之,包括推估所衍生之新旅次數,這些旅次之起迄點、使用之各種運具數量、進出新設施之路徑等。另外,由於交通變化具有動態之特性,因此新設施之營運、服務特性對一日中各時段之交通量變化向改變,均應準確預測。

    整體而言,交通衝擊分析之工作應涵括以下項目:
    1. 調查分析基地周圍原有運輸系統之現況。
    2. 推估基地開發所衍生之短、中期旅運需求量及交通量。
    3. 分析新增交通量對周圍原有及計畫運輸系統所增加之負荷,並確認在運輸系統上將產生哪些缺失。
    4. 研擬改善慢或更改開發規模,以維持運輸系統之暢通。
    研究流程:
    步驟一:分析開發基地鄰進地區之交通現況
    步驟二:不含基地開發之交通成長預測
    步驟三:基地開發之交通需求預測
    步驟四:計算基地完全開發後周圍路網在尖峰時段之交通狀況
    步驟五:研擬改善方案並分析其效益
    步驟六:商定基地開發計畫之內容

    星期日, 10月 04, 2009

    名義利率(nominal interest rate)& 實際利率(effective interest rate)

    The effective interest rate, effective annual interest rate, annual equivalent rate (AER) or simply effective rate is the interest rate on a loan or financial product restated from the nominal interest rate as an interest rate with annual compound interest payable in arrears. It is used to compare the annual interest between loans with different compounding terms (daily, monthly, annually, or other).
    The effective interest rate differs in two important respects from the annual percentage rate (APR):

    1. the effective interest rate generally does not incorporate one-time charges such as front-end fees;
    2. the effective interest rate is (generally) not defined by legal or regulatory authorities (as APR is in many jurisdictions).

    By contrast, the effective APR is used as a legal term, where front-fees and other costs can be included, as defined by local law.
    Annual percentage yield or effective annual yield is the analogous concept used for savings or investment products, such as a certificate of deposit. Since any loan is an investment product for the lender, the terms may be used to apply to the same transaction, depending on the point of view.
    Effective annual interest or yield may be calculated or applied differently depending on the circumstances, and the definition should be studied carefully. For example, a bank may refer to the yield on a loan portfolio after expected losses as its effective yield and include income from other fees, meaning that the interest paid by each borrower may differ substantially from the bank's effective yield.

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    In finance and economics nominal interest rate or nominal rate of interest refers to the rate of interest before adjustment for inflation (in contrast with the real interest rate); or, for interest rates "as stated" without adjustment for the full effect of compounding (also referred to as the nominal annual rate). An interest rate is called nominal if the frequency of compounding (e.g. a month) is not identical to the basic time unit (normally a year).